Bullying Bullying Is Defined As The Repeated Aggression...

Bullying in Schools Amanda Reid (100441335) University of Rhode Island Bullying Bullying is defined as the repeated aggression towards someone of a lower power status, with the intent to cause harm or hurt this person. It is a form of abuse and can take different forms such as physical, verbal, relational and cyber. (Monks, 2006; Craig, 2007). Physical bullying is the most obvious and is the actual harming of another human being; such as punching and kicking. Verbal bullying consists of name calling, teasing and threats towards another person. Relational bullying is harm related to emotional distress, this can include social exclusion, spreading rumors (Bauman, 2006). Cyber bullying is a more recent extension to the types of bullying, it is defined as, â€Å"the intentional act of aggression towards another person online† (Ybarra, 2004). This type of bullying can be enacted through e-mail, chatrooms, instant messaging and text-messaging (Low, 2013). Most bullying occurs in the school setting although it can occur within the home and workplace. ( Monks, 2006). Bullying can start in the early years of life and can lead to problems later in life, such as having low self-esteem, problems creating and keep social relationships and depression. (Bauman, 2006). Bullying can also have immediate effects having low self-esteem in school due to repeated exposure to bullying the victim will come to believe that they are weaker and deserve to be bullied, which is an exampleShow MoreRelatedDoes Bullying Affect A Child s Academic Achievement / Performance? Essay1746 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction DON’T FORGET TO CITE PROPERLY Title: How and why does bullying in primary school affect a child’s academic achievement/performance? Change from primary school to primary and middle school Abstract: Introduction: (is this the correct way of doing it) The research question for this paper is â€Å"How and why does bullying in primary school affect a child’s academic achievement/performance†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦um†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦................... Bullying is said to occur when a child is the target of any behaviourRead MoreBully5482 Words   |  22 Pages------------------------------------------------- Bullying From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the Wikipedia guidance essay, see  Wikipedia:WikiBullying Bullying is detrimental to students’ well-being and development.[1] Bullying  is the use of force or  coercion  to  abuse  or  intimidate  others. The behavior can be habitual and involve an imbalance of social or physical  power. It can include verbal  harassment  or  threat, physical  assault  or coercion and may be directed repeatedly towards particular victims, perhapsRead MoreRelated Literature for Bullying7058 Words   |  29 Pagesr SENATE BILL 2677 (MIRIAM DEFENSOR SANTIAGO. 2011) SEC 2 Definition of Bullying - Bullying is committed when a minor student commits a series of two or more acts directed towards another minor student, or a series of single acts directed towards several minor students in a school setting or a place of learning, with the intent to constitute harassment, intimidation, force or humiliation. Such acts consist of any or more of the following: Threats to a person with theRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children2411 Words   |  10 Pagesand experiments regarding the adverse effects of violence used in video games, television, as well as movies. With both preschool and school-aged children, studies have found that they are more likely to imitate the violence they see on screen if someone they see as a good guy is using the violence to solve a problem, especially if there are no realistic consequences for the violence. Examples are marvel comic characters such as Spiderman, The Hulk, Batman. These characters appear unhurt afterRead MoreHalimbawa Ng Term Paper6581 Words   |  27 PagesDON SERVILLANO PLATON MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL Sta. Cruz Tinambac Camarines Sur S/Y 2012-2013 The Effect of Bullying In The School to Students of Don Servillano Platon Memorial High School Janice Tamayo Inocencio (Researcher) Mrs. Adelaida Espejo (English Professor) Acknowledgements I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the special people who have extended their assistance for theRead MoreEarly Signs of Stalking9072 Words   |  37 Pagesconstitute either of the following: (a) problem behaviors in the social relationships of children or adolescents that could be viewed as early manifestations of obsessional following in a specific instance, or (b) childhood risk factors that suggest someone might stalk another person later in life. One reason for exploring the potential early signs of stalking in young people is that it broadens the application of mate ¬rial presented thus far by raising awareness of those risk factors that can be targetedRead MoreThe Effects of Ethical Climates on Bullying Behaviour in the Workplace13824 Words   |  56 Pages The Effects of Ethical Climates on Bullying Behaviour in the Workplace  ¨ Fusun Bulutlar  ¨  ¨ Ela Unler Oz ABSTRACT. Various aspects of the relationship between ethical climate types and organizational commitment have been examined, although a relationship with the concept of bullying, which may be very detrimental to an organization, has not attracted significant attention. This study contributes to the existing research by taking the effects of bullying behaviour into consideration. The aimRead MoreEssay on Cyp 3.310914 Words   |  44 Pageschildren under care. Local Nspcc provides advice and support for adults and professionals worried about a child who is in the setting. They provide service for protecting children and their safety, online services about child abuse, neglecting, bullying etc. So the setting can get help and advice from them. In the setting, children who are at risk because of their disability or family situation, the practitioner can get help and support to help the child. Nspcc will research about the child abuseRead MoreSubstance Abuse15082 Words   |  61 Pagesfrequently experience memory loss. The rate of reaction time is slowed down as the brain and nerve impulse transmission is affected. * Kidney increases excretion of water. * Speech becomes slurred. HOW CAN YOU TELL IF SOMEONE IS AN ALCOHOLIC? You may be able to tell if someone is an alcoholic by observing violent behaviour, criminal activities performed by individuals, car accidents, depression, illness, unhappy family life, poor work habits and absenteeism from work. Surveys have shown thatRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPerception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change

The Privacy Of A Computer System Essay - 1538 Words

â€Å"You already have zero privacy. Get over it.† Scott G. McNealy CEO of Sun Microsystems Inc. â€Å"Our work to improve privacy continues today.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Mark Zuckerberg CEO of Facebook. These are some of the quotes of CEOs of some most prominent and successful companies that have built their businesses by pacifying their customers into giving up their personal information. Human beings value their privacy and the protection of their personal sphere of life. They value some control over who knows what about them. They certainly do not want their personal information to be accessible to just anyone at any time. But recent advances in information technology threaten privacy and have reduced the amount of control over personal data and open up the possibility of a range of negative consequences as a result of access to personal data. Data privacy or information privacy is the area of information technology (IT) that deals with the ability of an organization or individual to decide what data in a computer system can be shared with third parties. I examine the past, present and future of government and private sector surveillance on data privacy and its marketability by those sectors. Also, how those data privacy breach could impact someone’s personal, social and economic life. With the advent of information based society, private data became a big product of marketability and that market was flourished to interrelate other aspects of human life. Also recent introduction of another formShow MoreRelatedComputer Ethics : Basic Concepts And Historical Overview1266 Words   |  6 PagesTopics in Computer Ethics (edited and adapted from the article: Computer Ethics: Basic Concepts and Historical Overview, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, full version available at: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-computer/ ) No matter which re-definition of computer ethics one chooses, the best way to understand the nature of the field is through some representative examples of the issues and problems that have attracted research and scholarship. Consider, for example, the followingRead More Privacy On The Internet Essay1588 Words   |  7 Pages Privacy on the Internet nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ever feel like you are being watched? How about having the feeling like some one is following you home from school? Well that is what it will be like if users do not have the privacy on the Internet they deserve. EPIC (Electronic Privacy Information Center), a advocacy group that has been fighting the Clinton Administration for tougher online consumer protection laws, and other privacy protection agencies have formed to protect the rights andRead MorePrivacy on the Internet1616 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy on the Internet Ever feel like you are being watched? How about having the feeling like some one is following you home from school? Well that is what it will be like if users do not have the privacy on the Internet they deserve. EPIC (Electronic Privacy Information Center), a advocacy group that has been fighting the Clinton Administration for tougher online consumer protection laws, and other privacy protection agencies have formed to protect the rights and privileges of the InternetRead MoreThe Self Regulation Must Be Added By Laws1421 Words   |  6 Pagespure-market model to preserve consumer privacy, consumer confidence, and raise business’ owner revenues. However, it is uncertain whether the competitive market model, utilized as an argument in favor of industry self-regulation, is applicable, due to the fact that, some consumers lack of basic understanding of Internet privacy. I don’t think it benefit for businesses to protect their privacy, if consumers do not understand t he basics of online data collection and privacy. If they cannot make the differenceRead MoreThe European Model Worth Emulating The United States?1572 Words   |  7 PagesIn your estimation, could self -regulation be effective in protecting data privacy or does it need to be supplemented by laws and regulations? Is the European model worth emulating in the United States? In my estimation I think that the self-regulation need to be added by laws, because it is built on a pure-market model to preserve consumer privacy, consumer confidence, and raise business’ owner revenues. 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This reasonable expectation of privacy extends to the contents of their office, including the employee’s company computer, located therein. As a result, the court held that the fourth amendment protects both the office and computer from warrantless searches by the government unless it obtains valid consent from either the defendant or one withRead MoreEffective Privacy And Security Safety1442 Words   |  6 PagesHealthcare Privacy Officer Computers have become the database and communication in healthcare, and enable healthcare to make technology advances. Healthcare has come a long way with computers changing nursing and healthcare to become more business-like. Since there is a lot of stored confidential, and protected health information, security issues can arise. Health information should only be accessed by direct caregivers. 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Discuss the relative merits of import substitution versus export promotion free essay sample

Many countries have adopted different development strategies in order to promote growth. One of these, used by the now developed economies following the Industrial Revolution, is import substitution industrialisation (ISI). This is the notion of reducing foreign dependency of a country’s economy through focusing on domestic production of goods and services. An opposing strategy is export promotion. This includes measures taken by the government to increase the quantity and variety of goods and services that are exported. There is often debate among policy-makers about the effectiveness of each as a growth and development strategy with interesting statistical evidence supporting each side. In order to achieve a conclusion, the relative merits and weaknesses of each will be discussed albeit an informed decision depends on a number of explanatory variables. First of all, the import substitution strategy often coincides with state-led economic development through nationalisation and subsidisation of key domestic industries. Adopting such a regime usually means having a protectionist trade policy. Many Latin American countries implemented an ISI policy after WWII until around the 1980s, partly as a response to decades of disappointing growth in the early 20th century. Some Asian countries, especially India and Sri Lanka, also pursued such policies from the 1950s onwards. The rationale for doing so is extensive. One reason is known as the infant industry argument. This is where domestic industries are protected through government backing, help, and intervention. This mainly applies to liquidity-constrained companies that are unable to incur short-term losses. The main benefit is to create a level playing field between a backdated industry and a highly advanced industry producing similar goods and services. Without this protection, it would be difficult to compete with foreign firms on the efficiency and quality of goods and services. Eventually, these infant firms will grow to compete in global markets through developing economies of scale gaining a comparative advantage. In terms of import substitution, referring to an infant economy that needs protection may be more appropriate. Another reason in support of import substitution industrialisation is given by the Singer-Prebisch thesis. This is the observation that the terms of trade between primary export products and manufactured goods tend to deteriorate over time. This is because the income elasticity of demand for manufactured goods is greater than that for primary products – especially food. Therefore, as incomes rise, the demand for manufactured goods increases more rapidly than demand for primary products. This creates a ‘trap’ for many developing countries due to resource dependence. As a result, the current account of the balance of payments of the developing country worsens accelerating the deterioration. Therefore, import substitution provides an escape from the ‘trap’ by allowing for diversification of the economy’s goods and services without trade. However, a critical evaluation point may be that using the Singer-Prebisch thesis to justify import substitution has lost some of its relevance in the last 30 years. This is because exports of simple manufactures have overtaken exports of primary commodities in most developing countries outside of Africa for example. The problems associated with import substitution may also be considered, thus suggesting that a more outward-looking strategy would be more effective. Firstly, the primary effect of imposing import tariffs is a fall in the quantity of imports (Q2 to Q3) and a rise in the price level. This is shown in figure 1. 1 below. The shaded areas in the diagram represent the ‘welfare loss’ to society, whereby marginal social benefit is not equal to marginal social cost. Hence a negative effect of import substitution is an inefficient allocation of resources leading to society not achieving maximum utility. This may carry the added effect of increasing international unemployment as World gross domestic product (GDP) decreases through the promotion of inefficiency. An example emphasising the problems of import substitution is evident through the wide differences in economic performance between East and South Asian countries. Countries such as: South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore rejected import substitution policies resulting in superior performance in the 1970s and 1980s. In contrast, South Asian countries like India and Sri Lanka adopted more a more inward-looking strategy causing significantly lower growth rates than many East Asian countries. An alternative development strategy for policy-makers is export promotion. This entails greater openness to trade through a number of measures e. g. liberalisation of global markets, de-regulation and privatisation. An immediate comparison to import substitution is that there is an absence of retaliation from other trading nations. This yields greater economic benefits. One point providing strong merit for export promotion is backward and forward production linkages. The former is when growth of one industry stimulates domestic production of an upstream input, leading to higher productivity and demand. Forward linkages reduce unit costs allowing for the expansion of downstream industries. This is mainly achieved through foreign direct investment, which import substitution does not allow. Evidence for this is shown in Malaysia’s economy. Primary exports of processed rubber and palm oil is stimulated from the country’s plantation agriculture. Therefore, export promotion can benefit other domestic industries through stimulating production. A major drawback however of export promotion is â€Å"Dutch disease† theory. This is the apparent relationship between the increase in exploitation of natural resources and a decline in the manufacturing sector. The direct impact of influx of foreign exchange or inflows of foreign aid causes a real appreciation of the currency. This results in the nation’s other exports becoming more expensive for other countries to buy, making the manufacturing sector less competitive. A notable example is Nigeria and other post-colonial African states in the 1990s. Considering this, strong empirical evidence exists in support of adopting an export-orientated strategy. Data from the World Bank (1993) showed that the real GDP of export promoted countries (7. 6%) grew at a faster rate than ISI countries (3%) during 1965-1990. It is clear therefore from the arguments listed above that export promotion is the more effective policy, however a hybrid of strategies may be required depending on the country in question.

The Chat Room Essays - Computing, Hacker Culture, Online Chat

The Chat Room Michael Yost Dr. Mary Henderson 2/18/2001 English 1101 The Chat Room As Dr. Barry Mowell of Broward Community College once put it, One of the most effective vehicles for wasting your time and interacting with pre-pubescent or otherwise immature, rude people who frequently engage in gross self aggrandizement and ill- mannered behavior would be the internet chatroom. When I read that six months ago, I ventured into a chat room for the first time. I found that a chat room can be quite addicting. I have since chatted on the internet every day with little exception. Since I am a computer science major, I looked for chat about that subject. On America Online, hereafter referred to as AOL, I found that in the category Special Interests tech chat fit my requirements. When I first went to it, I didnt know any of the abbreviations. In a chatroom, in addition to talking about tech subjects, there is a compelling desire to laugh. They express that as LOL, short for laugh out loud. There also is ROFL, meaning rolling on the floor laughing. There are other abbreviations, some utilizing profanity. Essentially, over the last six months, I have begun to notice that the people in the room can be classified into some simple categories. These may be generalizations but are wholly accurate and appear to encompass the entire spectrum of people who chat. There are helpers, non-helpers, SNERTS, script kiddies, hackers, and relationship seekers. First of all, there are those who help people with their computer questions. They seem to go to extraordinary lengths to do so, freely assisting people with their computer questions very patiently. Then there are those who help no one. Either they dont know how to or simply refuse to help. Some of them may be termed smart alecks because, when someone asks for help or a tech question, they give rude and sometimes obnoxious answers. When someone comes in the room and gets an answer like that, they frequently leave. Then there are what we term SNERTS (short for snot nosed egotistical rude twerps). The name speaks for itself. The SNERT is usually some small person who thinks they can hide behind the computer screen and get away with being rude and annoying. The next category is the script kiddie. The script kiddie desires to be a hacker. They know certain codes or scripts that will disrupt the room. They can be quite annoying. For example, they can send scripts into the room that will erase the entire rooms text. Or they can send many lines of text into the room. That is called scrolling. They can even exploit weaknesses in someones computer or program and boot or punt them offline. Another category is true hackers. Hackers are quite knowledgable. Some use their power for good, and others to destroy. Hacking can be illegal and hackers can be prosecuted if they break the law and are caught. A real hacker however, will never get caught. Then there are those who seek companionship. They can be seeking true love or just a good time. Some represent themselves honestly, while others are deceptive about their true selves. AOL has taken steps to eliminate some of the people that act in an inapropriate manner. The first line of defense is a box that when checked, removes the person's text from your screen. That is called Ignore. The next step is the Notify AOL button. One copies what the person has typed and sends it to AOL. Once sent, the community action team reviews it for possible violation of TOS. TOS is AOL's terms of service. If there is a violation of the terms, you can lose your account or get a TOS warning. Three warnings in six months terminates your AOL account. The last line of defense against people who are out of line is the chat room host or guide. Frequently a host or guide comes in the room. If someone gets out of hand, the host has the power to gag the person for 15, 20, or 30 minutes. Gag means to completely remove all the persons text in the room so no one sees it. Three gags in a day is TOS warning. I would say that, in my experience, the chat room is a good place to